ABS is formed by copolymers of acrylonitrile A, butadiene B and styrene s, and each monomer has different characteristics. ABS is an amorphous material. This determines its low temperature resistance, impact resistance, appearance performance, low creep, good dimensional stability, and easy-to-process ABS material. High surface hardness and good chemical resistance. At the same time, by changing the ratio of the above three components, various properties of ABS can be changed, so ABS engineering plastics have a wide range of applications. Synthetic ABS can be divided into four types: medium impact type, high impact type, super high impact type and heat resistant type.
ABS plastic has high moisture absorption and humidity sensitivity, so it must be dried at 90°C for at least 2 hours before molding. The humidity is controlled below 0.03%.
The suitable processing temperature of molten glue is 190-235℃. The melt viscosity of ABS is medium and needs to be produced under high injection pressure (500~1000bar). High-speed injection molding production effect is better in ABS plastic. The nozzle position of this product is prone to airflow.
The molding temperature of ABS plastic is relatively high, and the mold temperature should be adjusted at 30-70°C. In the production of large-size parts, the half temperature of the fixed mold is about 5°C higher than the half temperature of the movable mold. Mold temperature affects the appearance quality of the product, the lower the temperature, the lower the appearance quality of the product.
Polypropylene (PP) is a polymer formed by the polymerization of propylene. The composition and structure of polypropylene is crystalline polymer. Among the commonly used plastics, PP is the lightest material, with a density of only 0.90-0.91g/cm³ (less than water). Heat resistance is the best feature of PP among general-purpose plastics. The deformation temperature of PP is 80-110℃, and the product can be processed in boiling water at 100℃. PP has excellent stress crack resistance and good warpage fatigue life.
PP products have the advantages of lightweight, good toughness, and good chemical corrosion resistance. The disadvantages of PP are low dimensional accuracy, insufficient rigidity, poor weather resistance, ease to be damaged by “copper”, ease to shrink, ease to age, brittle, and warp after demolding.
Injection mold process conditions: Drying: If stored properly, it does not need to be dried.
Melting temperature: 220-250℃, not more than 250℃.
Mold temperature: 20-50℃, 40℃ is recommended.
A mold’s temperature is responsible for determining how much crystallization occurs.
Injection pressure: up to 1800bar.
Injection speed: Under normal circumstances, the use of high-speed injection molding can reduce the internal pressure to a minimum.
Polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic resin polymerized by ethylene. Polyethylene is colorless and non-toxic. And it feels like wax, has low temperature resistance (the lowest temperature can reach 70°C), good chemical resistance, and can withstand most acids and alkalis (not oxidation resistant). Insoluble in general solvents at room temperature, it has excellent electrical insulation and low water absorption.
Polyethylene is a polymer with a variety of structures and properties. It is mainly divided into LDPE, MDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, and performance ultra-high molecular polyethylene and low molecular polyethylene.
Injection conditions:
The temperature settings are as follows: injection nozzle 140-190°C, front part 140-200°C, middle part 130-180°C, screw speed 210-220 rpm, mold temperature 10-70°C, material tube temperature 150-210°C, back pressure 5 ~ 10 kg, injection pressure 360-500 kg / c㎡.
Polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic resin polymerized by ethylene. Polyethylene is colorless and non-toxic. And it feels like wax, has low temperature resistance (the lowest temperature can reach 70°C), good chemical resistance, and can withstand most acids and alkalis (not oxidation resistant). Insoluble in general solvents at room temperature, it has excellent electrical insulation and low water absorption.
Polyethylene is a polymer with a variety of structures and properties. It is mainly divided into LDPE, MDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, and performance ultra-high molecular polyethylene and low molecular polyethylene.
Injection conditions:
The temperature settings are as follows: injection nozzle 140-190°C, front part 140-200°C, middle part 130-180°C, screw speed 210-220 rpm, mold temperature 10-70°C, material tube temperature 150-210°C, back pressure 5 ~ 10 kg, injection pressure 360-500 kg / c㎡.
PC material is a widely used engineering plastic and belongs to amorphous plastic. It has good mechanical properties, such as high impact resistance, high tensile strength, excellent bending strength, low shrinkage, low thermal creep, high dimensional accuracy, good heat resistance, low-temperature resistance, etc. It can be used at temperatures of minus 60 to 120 degrees Celsius. The disadvantages are poor fatigue strength, brittleness, low solvent resistance and poor wear resistance.
PC material has excellent characteristics such as high light transmittance, high refractive index, high impact resistance and dimensional stability. Optical lenses made of optical grade polycarbonate can be used in cameras, microscopes, telescopes, optical testing instruments, etc., and can also be used in film projector lenses, copier lenses, infrared autofocus projector lenses, laser beam printer lenses, etc. As well as various prisms, polygon mirrors and many other office equipment and household appliances, its application market is very wide.
The fluidity of the plastic is poor, the mold gating system should be short and thick, a cold feed well is required, the gate size should be large, and the mold temperature should be high. If the temperature of the material is too low, it will cause short shots of the parts, the plastic parts are not shiny, the material temperature is too high, it is easy to overflow, and the plastic parts will bubble. Low mold temperatures result in low shrinkage and elongation, low impact strength, low bending strength, compression strength, and tensile strength. When the mold temperature exceeds 120 degrees Celsius, the plastic parts cool slowly, and the inner wall of the easily deformable viscous mold parts should not be too thick and uniform to avoid sharp corners and chipped materials.
The drying temperature of PC material is 120 degrees Celsius, and the drying time should be more than 4 hours. The mold temperature is usually 80 ~ 120 degrees Celsius. The injection temperature is 280 ~ 320 degrees Celsius. A slower injection speed and a larger injection molding pressure should be used in production.
Polyamide is commonly known as nylon, and its main varieties are PA6, PA66, followed by PA11, PA12, PA610, PA612, PA46 and so on.
Nylon has excellent mechanical strength, heat resistance, low friction ratio, self-lubricating, shock absorption and noise reduction, oil resistance, weak acid resistance, alkali resistance, general solvent resistance, good electrical insulation, self-extinguishing, non-toxic, odourless, good weather resistance, Poor dyeing and other advantages. It has high water absorption, which affects dimensional stability and electrical properties, but the combination of nylon and glass fiber is very good. Fiber reinforcement can reduce the water absorption rate of the resin, allowing it to work in a high temperature and high humidity environment.
Nylon is a crystalline plastic material with high melt temperature, narrow melt temperature range and poor heat resistance. PA does not gradually soften with the increase of heating temperature but softens in a narrow temperature range close to the melting point. Flow occurs as soon as the temperature is reached. PA is easier to absorb moisture. In the molding process of wet nylon, the viscosity drops sharply and the mechanical strength of the silver steel wire mixed with the foam product surface is reduced, so the material must be dried before it can be dried at 80-110 ℃ for 6 hours. However, please note that PA plastics are easy to cause discolouration if they are dried above 90°C.
PA has good fluidity and is easy to overflow, suitable for self-locking nozzles and heating. At the same time, due to the fast condensing speed of the solution, the material should be prevented from clogging the nozzles, runners, and gates and causing product shortages. The mold overflow value is 0.03, and the melt viscosity is more sensitive to changes in temperature and shear force, but more sensitive to temperature. In order to reduce the viscosity of the melt, we should start with the temperature of the barrel. It has a wide range of forming shrinkage, with prominent directions, and it is prone to shrinkage and deformation.
It is a blend of polycarbonate and ABS. As a result, ABS can be made more heat resistant, impact-resistant, and have stronger tensile strength; on the other hand, polycarbonate can be made cheaper, with lower melt viscosity, improved processing, and with less sensitivity to internal stress and impact strength. There is now flame retardant, glass fiber reinforced, electroplated, and ultraviolet resistant polycarbonate/ABS alloys available. Mainly used in the automotive industry, computers, copiers, electronic and electrical components, etc. PC/ABS alloy materials have been widely used in automotive decorative parts, lampshades, high-temperature electrical enclosures and other fields.
PC/ABS must be dried before processing. The humidity should be less than 0.04%. The recommended drying condition is 90mm 110℃, drying for 2h; the melting temperature should be around 23m ~ 300℃; the mold temperature should be 100℃ within 50 meters; the injection pressure depends on the plastic parts, and the injection speed has no special requirements. , But the higher the more appropriate.
Chemical and physical properties: ABS+PC has the comprehensive characteristics of PC and ABS, such as ABS is easy to process, and PC has excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. The ratio of the two will affect the thermal stability of the ABS+PC material. The ABS+PC hybrid material also shows excellent flow characteristics. The shrinkage is about 0.5%. ABS+PC is a mixed synthetic modified engineering plastic. Among them, PC is polycarbonate, and ABS is a copolymer of acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B) and phenylephrine (S). This modified plastic has better performance than simple PC and ABS. Such as improved impact resistance, heat resistance, hardness and so on.
PMMA acrylic plastic properties:
PMMA acrylic plastic is a hard and transparent material with a density of 1.19-1.22g/250px³. The biggest feature of PMMA acrylic plastic is its high transparency and 92% light transmittance, which is the highest among plastics. The ultraviolet light transmittance is also as high as 75%.
PMMA acrylic plastic has good comprehensive mechanical properties. Its tensile strength, compressive strength, and flexural strength are higher than PE, PVC, PS, but its impact toughness is poor, so it is a hard and brittle material. PMMA has low heat resistance, glass transition temperature of 104℃, melting temperature of 160-200℃, thermal decomposition temperature of 270℃, easy to burn, the flame is blue when burning, the top is white, and it has a strong floral and fruity smell. And the smell of rotten vegetables.
PMMA has good dielectric and insulation properties, excellent arc resistance, and atmospheric aging resistance; PMMA has good chemical stability, can resist dilution of inorganic acids, intermediates, salts, and oils, but is not resistant to concentrated inorganic salts , Hot alkalis, ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., will expand and break in alcohols, and have good corrosion resistance to ozone and sulfur dioxide gas.
PMMA acrylic plastic use: widely used in the manufacture of various optical glasses, such as lenses, prisms, mirrors, camera lenses, etc. And can make lamps, lighting equipment, instrument dials, dials, etc. In addition, it can also manufacture aircraft cabin glass, bulletproof glass, optical fiber, etc. In addition, adding fluorescent powder or pearl powder can make beautiful and beautiful products, which can be widely used in advertising decoration and handicraft production.
Polyvinyl chloride (polyvinyl chloride) is one of the most widely used plastics. Various additives are usually added to improve the performance of PVC materials, such as stabilizers, lubricants, processing aids, pigments, enhancers, etc.
PVC resin softens at a temperature close to that of its decomposition. It starts to decompose at 140°C, but decomposes faster at 170°C. In order to ensure the normal processing of PVC resin, the two most important process indicators are called decomposition temperature and thermal stability. The so-called decomposition temperature refers to the temperature at which a large amount of hydrogen chloride is released, and the so-called thermal stability refers to the time during which a large amount of hydrogen chloride is not released at a certain temperature (usually 190°C). PVC plastic will decompose for a long time at 100°C unless an alkaline stabilizer is added. If the temperature exceeds 180°C, it will quickly decompose.
PVC has the advantages of flame retardancy, high chemical resistance (resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid, 90% sulfuric acid, 60% nitric acid, 20% sodium hydroxide), good mechanical strength, and electrical insulation.
The most common uses of PVC plastic materials include PVC profiles, PVC pipe, PVC hard materials and plates, PVC general soft goods, PVC packaging materials, PVC wallboards and floors, PVC consumer goods, PVC transparent sheets, etc. PVC plastic materials, PVC plastic materials , PVC plastic materials: PVC profiles, PVC pipes, PVC hard materials and plates, PVC general soft products, PVC packaging materials, PVC wallboards and floors, PVC consumer goods, PVC transparent sheets, etc.
Process conditions of the injection mold. Drying temperature: 80℃ within 2h, material tube temperature: 160-190℃, mold temperature: 30-60℃, molding shrinkage rate: 0.1-0.5%. The injection pressure can reach 1500bar, and the holding pressure can reach 1000bar. In order to avoid material degradation, an appropriate injection speed is required.
The main properties of POM are its hardness, high steel content, and wear resistance. POM has a low coefficient of friction and good geometric stability, so it is particularly suitable for manufacturing gears and bearings. The properties of POM make it appropriate for use in pipeline equipment (pipe valves, pump housings), lawn equipment, etc.
POM is a tough and elastic material with good creep properties, geometric stability and low-temperature impact resistance. Due to the high crystallinity of POM, the shrinkage rate is high, up to 2% ~ 3.5%. Different reinforcement materials have different shrinkage.
POM has a high heat distortion temperature, the heat distortion temperature of homopolymerization is 136℃, and the heat distortion temperature of copolymerization is 110℃. However, due to the difference in molecular structure, co-formaldehyde has a higher continuous use temperature. Generally speaking, the long-term use temperature of polyoxymethylene is about 100℃. UL specifies the long-term heat-resistant temperature of POM as 85-105°C. Mechanical properties: Since POM is a highly crystalline polymer, it has high elastic modulus, high hardness and rigidity. It can be used for a long time under the condition of -40 ~ 100℃. And it can withstand repeated shocks with little change in strength. Temperature and temperature changes do not greatly affect strength.
Injection molding conditions: POM does not need to be dried before injection molding. The melting temperature range is 190-220°C. By increasing the holding pressure during injection molding, the pressure drop can be reduced. The material will decompose at a high melting temperature. The screw speed should be appropriate, not too high, and the residue should be reduced; the appropriate mold temperature is (80mm 100℃), and the product demoulding temperature is relatively high, so pay attention to the protection work when disassembling the parts. POM should be processed under the conditions of medium injection pressure, medium injection speed, low material temperature and high mold temperature.
PEEK plastic is a special engineering plastic, which is a high molecular polymer composed of aryl, ketone bond and ether bond. It has many properties such as high temperature resistance, strong flame retardancy, and good chemical stability, so it is often used in construction machinery and aerospace products.
PEEK plastic has the advantages of strong heat resistance and high temperature resistance. The positive high temperature resistance of PEEK plastic is 260°C, and the heat distortion temperature is 160°C. If 30% glass fiber is added for modification, the heat distortion temperature can be increased to 280-300℃.
PEEK plastic has excellent electrochemical properties. Even in the high frequency range, the dielectric index and dielectric loss of 10HZ plastic are very small. The results show that the dielectric point constant under the PVA environment is only 3.2, and the dielectric loss is only 0.02.
It has excellent chemical stability and can withstand acids and alkalis. Almost any chemical reagent except concentrated sulfuric acid still maintains good stability at high temperatures.
It has excellent hydrolysis resistance and can be used for a long time even in a steam environment at 200-250°C.
In addition, PEEK plastic also has excellent flame retardancy, melt fluidity, thermal stability, corrosion, high strength and easy formability.
PEEK plastic is widely used in chemical industry, electronic equipment, automobile industry, aerospace and other fields because of its excellent high temperature resistance, heat resistance, high height and processability.
This material is formally known as polyphenylene sulfide. It is famous for its thermal stability and is widely used in special engineering plastics after filling and modification.
PPS is a special high engineering plastic with excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, flame retardant, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, dimensional stability, and excellent electrical properties. The transformed PPS is widely used as special engineering plastics, mainly in the fields of electronics and electrical appliances, such as transformer skeletons, high-frequency coil skeletons, plugs, sockets, junction frames, contactor drum plates, and various precision parts.
Heat resistance is PPS plastic: the heat distortion temperature exceeds 260℃, which is one of the highest temperatures of thermoplastic engineering plastics. The long-term use temperature is 220-240℃, and the short-term temperature can reach 260℃.
Chemical resistance of PPS plastics: At present, we cannot find any solvent that can dissolve PPS below 200°C, and has high corrosion resistance to inorganic acids, alkalis, and salts.
When exposed to high temperatures, high humidity, and high frequency, PPS plastic exhibits high surface resistivity, low breakdown voltage, low dielectric constant, and dielectric loss tangent, making it an excellent insulation material. After modification, it can also be made into a high-strength material with good electrical conductivity.
PPS plastic mechanical properties: strong rigidity, high surface hardness, excellent creep resistance and good fatigue resistance.
Injection conditions: The material is dried at 130-150°C for 3 hours, the barrel temperature is 280-330°C, 40%GF+PPS 300mm, 350°C, the mold temperature is 120-180°C, the injection pressure is 50-130V MPA, and the injection speed is medium.
